Everything about The Lower Mississippi River totally explained
The
Lower Mississippi River is the portion of the
Mississippi River downstream of
Cairo,
Illinois. From the
confluence of the
Ohio River and
Upper Mississippi River at Cairo, the Lower flows just under 1600 kilometers (1000 mi) to the
Gulf of Mexico. It is the most heavily travelled component of the
Mississippi River System.
Unlike on the upper rivers, there are no
locks or
dams on the Lower Mississippi. The river is, however, constrained by
levees and
dikes to control flooding and secure a navigation channel for
barges. The
Old River Control Structure, the
Bonnet Carré Spillway, and other man-made structures on the lower reaches of the river seek to manipulate the flow of water in the vicinity of
New Orleans.
The political and engineering focus in the 20th century was to separate the Lower Mississippi River from its
floodplain. Levees and
channelization—along with substantial loss of bottomland forests to agriculture in the
alluvial valley—have resulted in a loss of wildlife and fish habitat, decreased water quality, and an expansion of the
hypoxic zone in the
Gulf of Mexico. Agricultural
runoff has resulted in increased
turbidity,
siltation, pollution from
pesticides,
toxicity to aquatic organisms, oxygen depletion and
eutrophication.
Further Information
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